• Consider a group of distinct individuals or objects
    • “distinct” means that there is some characteristic that differentiates any particular individual or object from any other.
  • How many ways are there to select a subset of size from the group?

Example

  • If a Little League team has 15 players on its roster,
  • how many ways are there to select 9 players to form a starting lineup?

Example

  • If a university bookstore
    • sells ten different laptop computers
    • but has room to display only three of them,
  • in how many ways can the three be chosen?

An answer to the general question just posed requires that we distinguish between two cases.

  • In some situations, such as the baseball scenario, the order of selection is important.
    • For example,
      • Angela being the pitcher and
      • Ben the catcher
    • gives a different lineup from the one in which
      • Angela is catcher and
      • Ben is pitcher.
  • Often, though, order is not important and one is interested only in which individuals or objects are selected,
    • as would be the case in the laptop display scenario.

definitions of permutation and combination

number of permutations

number of combinations